There are many accomplished dyslexics who have told us that one of their greatest strengths in their current career is strategic thinking, but is there any evidence that strategy is a strength that is present in the school years, and if so, can it be better used to help students tackle the many academic hurdles that they face?
Unfortunately, there has been relatively little attention studying the potential of strategy in the curriculum of dyslexic students, but there is some and in those studies, the findings are interesting.
For instance, in a study of LD students attending 4 Southern California universities, researchers sought to understand how students with significant difficulties in phonological awareness and word attack were able to do just as well as non-LD students in challenging college courses.
So despite significant weakness in “word reading, processing speed, semantic processing, and short-term memory,” these students were able to be just as successful as their non-LD classmates.
HOW DID THEY DO IT?
From the researchers:
Wow. So LD students who consciously used learning strategies at college, OUT-PERFORMED non-LD students at college. Talk about a secret weapon!
We need to make sure more students know this!
The researchers also noted that “students with LD spent considerably longer hours on schoolwork than their NLD peers, most over 30 hours a week. In surveys students with LD reported starting to prepare early, avoiding last-minute learning (cramming), and, in some cases, adopting a pre-exam ritual.”
Good for them! Interestingly other studies by researchers such as John Kirby, Therese Chevalier, Asha Jitandi, and others have shown the association between strategy use / instruction in LD / dyslexic students and strong academic performance.
Look at LD vs. non-LD student results:
The MSLQ Inventory refers to the Motivated Strategies for Learning Questionnaire, which has been used in many academic research settings. To look at the questions that comprise this inventory, go HERE.
It’s interesting for us to see that dyslexic students / LD students in this study scored significantly higher than their non-LD peers on the use of Critical Thinking strategies, especially as critical thinking is a higher order learning task that involves the application of knowledge to new situations. This finding resonates with us because often we have heard that older students interact or talk back-and-forth with a text rather than just ‘reading.’ Notably too, in Kirby’s study of successful college and university students with dyslexia, dyslexic students were also found to more likely to engage in a deep vs. superficial approach to learning.
Notice also that these ‘successful’ LD students were more likely to ask for help and consciously manage their time.
Thanks for details about this topic. So exactly how can we apply to implement the strategy learning disabilities students at home or school? And i also have one more question have there any advantage to include family/parents to school for dyslexia students?
Thanks again!
Hi Marion, These are great questions!
Strategic strengths can be developed in many ways both inside and outside of school – for instance, appealing to strategy, you can have a student examine the pattern of their errors in math or think about how to plan a trip to Disneyland missing the peak crowds. Strategy can also be employed with any sort of problem they may be experiencing – especially if it gets them to think in new ways, tap untapped resources, or enlist help. Here are a few linksL for teaching strategic / critical thinking: http://www.teachhub.com/teaching-strategies-promote-critical-thinking
https://www.weareteachers.com/10-tips-for-teaching-kids-to-be-awesome-critical-thinkers/
Strategy games are another way to introduce strategic thinking, analysis, and more reflection!